"Timbuktu, la ville mystérieuse | Timbuktu, the mysterious city"
About:
Timbuktu, founded around the 11th century by Tuareg tribes, became a significant Islamic scholarly and trade center in the 14th-16th centuries. It declined after Moroccan invasion in 1591 and later French colonial rule in 1893. Post-independence in 1960, it suffered from desertification and political instability. In 2012, it was briefly occupied by Islamist groups, damaging significant cultural heritage. Today, it's a UNESCO World Heritage site, striving to preserve its rich historical legacy.
When to visit:
Timbuktu, located in Mali, is best visited during the dry season, which typically falls between November and February. During this time, the weather is more pleasant with cooler temperatures and clear skies, making it ideal for exploring the city's historical sites and enjoying outdoor activities. However, it is important to note that this period is also the peak tourist season, so accommodations may be more expensive and crowded. Travelers looking to avoid the crowds may consider visiting during the shoulder seasons of March to May or September to October, when the weather is still favorable but with fewer tourists.
When to avoid:
The worst time to travel to Timbuktu on a holiday is during the hot season, which typically occurs from March to June. Temperatures during this time can soar well above 100°F (38°C), making outdoor activities uncomfortable and potentially dangerous. Additionally, the hot season is also the peak of the dry season, with minimal rainfall and dusty conditions prevailing. Travelers seeking a more pleasant experience in Timbuktu should consider visiting during the cooler months of November to February when temperatures are milder and the landscape is greener due to the rainy season.
"Dry Winter Season"
In Timbuktu, the wettest period is from June to September, known as the rainy season. Average temperatures range from 27°C to 35°C, with rainfall peaking in August at about 77mm. Sunlight is moderate, with cloud cover increasing during the peak of the rainy season. An average day for a visitor might start with a warm, humid morning, followed by afternoon showers. The heavy rains often result in muddy conditions, but also bring a unique freshness to the arid landscape. Despite the rainfall, there are also sunny intervals, making it a unique time to visit.
"Hot Season (April–October)"
The warmest part of the year in Timbuktu, Mali, occurs from April to June. During this period, the average high temperatures can reach up to 40-45°C (104-113°F) while the average lows hover around 25-30°C (77-86°F). Rainfall is minimal during this period, as the rainy season doesn't typically start until June or July.
Sunlight is abundant, with an average of 9-10 hours of bright sunshine per day. Humidity is generally low, often falling below 20%, which contributes to the desert-like conditions. Cloudiness is also minimal, with clear skies dominating most days.
For a visitor, a typical day during this period can feel extremely hot, especially during the afternoon peak temperatures. The dryness of the air coupled with the intense heat can make outdoor activities uncomfortable, even for those accustomed to warm climates. It's crucial to stay hydrated, wear sun protection, and limit exposure to the sun during peak hours. The evenings are somewhat cooler, providing a bit of relief from the scorching daytime heat.
Language:
In Timbuktu, the most commonly spoken language is Songhay, a member of the Nilo-Saharan language family. French, the official language of Mali, is also used, particularly in formal and educational settings. Additionally, Tamasheq, the language of the Tuareg people, and Arabic are spoken to a lesser extent.